When used correctly, essential oils generally do not pose a risk to the body. However, they can have issues such as poor stability, high irritability, and strong volatility. If not used properly or if used in excessive amounts over a long period, they may cause skin allergies, skin darkening, or hormonal imbalances. Therefore, it’s important to consult a professional before use to ensure the right essential oil is chosen and to control the dosage.
- Skin Allergies: Ingredients in essential oils, like menthol, can cause skin allergies upon direct contact or through inhalation, resulting in symptoms like redness and swelling. Most reactions can be prevented by controlling the amount used.
- Skin Darkening: Citrus oils and angelica oil can cause photosensitivity, meaning that under UV light, these oils may react with the skin, leading to symptoms like itching. Some components can cause skin darkening or increase the risk of skin cancer when exposed to sunlight after application.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Plant essential oils, often referred to as "plant hormones," contain small molecules similar to human hormones. Long-term excessive use may raise estrogen levels, leading to hormonal imbalances and potentially increasing the risk of breast cancer.
Additionally, essential oils can cause liver and kidney damage. For example, lavender essential oil contains compounds like sesquiterpene alcohol and acetic acid, which, like alcohol, are metabolized by the liver and kidneys. Prolonged high-dose use can result in harm to these organs.
